Long‐Term Control of Human Papillomavirus‐Related Focal Epithelial Hyperplasia in an Human Immunodeficiency Virus‐Positive Patient Using Methylene Blue‐Mediated Photodynamic Therapy. A Case Report
ABSTRACT Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are a major cause of oral lesions, and in individuals living with HIV, lesions such as focal epithelial hyperplasia (FEH) may persist or exhibit atypical features, potentially progressing to more severe conditions if untreated. Managing oral HPV lesions in immunocompromised patients is challenging, as conventional therapies may carry higher risks or show limited efficacy. Methods This study reports the case of a 49‐year‐old HIV‐positive male with valve disease and arthritis, requiring crutches for mobility. He presented with multiple painless oral lesions, diagnosed as FEH associated with oral HPV, and had previously undergone unsuccessful treatments. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using methylene blue (MB) and a red laser was proposed as a treatment. Results Topical MB‐mediated PDT successfully cleared the FEH lesions, with no recurrence observed over 24 months. Conclusion PDT mediated by MB is an effective and affordable approach for treating FEH associated with HPV in immunosuppressed patients, offering favorable outcomes and improved quality of life.
Citação
@online{juliana_cristina_oliverio_de2026,
author = {Juliana Cristina Oliverio De , Araújo and Hermano Camelo ,
Paiva and Paula Margarida Meyer , Faara and Og Fray , Junior and
Martha Simões , Ribeiro},
title = {Long‐Term Control of Human Papillomavirus‐Related Focal
Epithelial Hyperplasia in an Human Immunodeficiency Virus‐Positive
Patient Using Methylene Blue‐Mediated Photodynamic Therapy. A Case
Report},
volume = {58},
number = {2},
date = {2026-02-01},
doi = {10.1002/lsm.70091},
langid = {pt-BR},
abstract = {ABSTRACT Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections
are a major cause of oral lesions, and in individuals living with
HIV, lesions such as focal epithelial hyperplasia (FEH) may persist
or exhibit atypical features, potentially progressing to more severe
conditions if untreated. Managing oral HPV lesions in
immunocompromised patients is challenging, as conventional therapies
may carry higher risks or show limited efficacy. Methods This study
reports the case of a 49‐year‐old HIV‐positive male with valve
disease and arthritis, requiring crutches for mobility. He presented
with multiple painless oral lesions, diagnosed as FEH associated
with oral HPV, and had previously undergone unsuccessful treatments.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using methylene blue (MB) and a red laser
was proposed as a treatment. Results Topical MB‐mediated PDT
successfully cleared the FEH lesions, with no recurrence observed
over 24 months. Conclusion PDT mediated by MB is an effective and
affordable approach for treating FEH associated with HPV in
immunosuppressed patients, offering favorable outcomes and improved
quality of life.}
}