First record of microplastic contamination in adult endemic amazonian anuran species
Abstract The microplastics (MPs), due to their high dispersion and bioaccumulation rates, have been identified in various animal groups, such as anuran amphibians during both larval and adult stages. However, current studies on adult anuran amphibians focus on assessing only one exposure route, the digestive system, while other routes remain underestimated. Therefore, this present study aimed to evaluate the degree of contamination in the digestive, respiratory, and integumentary systems, in situ, of two endemic Amazonian adult anuran species ( Physalaemus ephippifer and Boana multifasciata ). From this, we identified and characterized microplastic particles for each exposure route, assessed the effects of morphometric measures on the total MP contamination level and in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Additionally, we determined different contamination indices and how they vary according to species and systems. Based on our data, the digestive and integumentary exposure routes showed the highest contamination levels for both species. Additionally, variations in MP contamination levels indicated that P. ephippifer had a higher level of MP contamination. Thus, this study provides the first evidence of microplastic exposure through respiratory and integumentary routes in adult anurans in situ, and it is the first to identify MP contamination in terrestrial biomonitors in the Amazon.
Citação
@online{souza-ferreira,_maria_luiza_cunha2025,
author = {Souza-Ferreira, Maria Luiza Cunha, E and Reis, Adrian José
Oliveira, Dos and Erikson Bruno Loseiro , Ferreira and Jessica ,
Dipold and Anderson Z. , Freitas and Niklaus U. , Wetter and
Oliveira-Bahia, Verônica Regina Lobato, De and Thiago Bernardi ,
Vieira},
title = {First record of microplastic contamination in adult endemic
amazonian anuran species},
volume = {15},
number = {1},
date = {2025-01-18},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-025-86434-9},
langid = {pt-BR},
abstract = {Abstract The microplastics (MPs), due to their high
dispersion and bioaccumulation rates, have been identified in
various animal groups, such as anuran amphibians during both larval
and adult stages. However, current studies on adult anuran
amphibians focus on assessing only one exposure route, the digestive
system, while other routes remain underestimated. Therefore, this
present study aimed to evaluate the degree of contamination in the
digestive, respiratory, and integumentary systems, in situ, of two
endemic Amazonian adult anuran species ( Physalaemus ephippifer and
Boana multifasciata ). From this, we identified and characterized
microplastic particles for each exposure route, assessed the effects
of morphometric measures on the total MP contamination level and in
the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Additionally, we determined
different contamination indices and how they vary according to
species and systems. Based on our data, the digestive and
integumentary exposure routes showed the highest contamination
levels for both species. Additionally, variations in MP
contamination levels indicated that P. ephippifer had a higher level
of MP contamination. Thus, this study provides the first evidence of
microplastic exposure through respiratory and integumentary routes
in adult anurans in situ, and it is the first to identify MP
contamination in terrestrial biomonitors in the Amazon.}
}