Chemical Characterization and Optical Properties of the Aerosol in São Paulo, Brazil
Air pollution in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo (MASP), Brazil, is a serious problem and is strongly affected by local sources. However, atmosphere column composition in MASP is also affected by biomass burning aerosol (BB). Understanding the impacts of aerosol particles, from both vehicles and BB, on the air quality and climate depends on in-depth research with knowledge of some parameters such as the optical properties of particles and their chemical composition. This study characterized fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from July 2019 to August 2020 in the eastern part of the MASP, relating the chemical composition data obtained at the surface and columnar optical parameters, such as aerosol optical depth (AOD), Ångström Exponent (AE), and single-scattering albedo (SSA). According to the analyzed data, the mean PM2.5 concentration was 18.0 ± 12.5 µg/m3; however, daily events exceeded 75 times the air quality standard of the World Health Organization (15 µg/m3). The mean black carbon concentration was 1.8 ± 1.5 µg/m3 in the sampling period. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) identified four main sources of aerosol: heavy vehicles (42%), followed by soil dust plus local sources (38.7%), light vehicles (9.9%), and local sources (8.6%). AOD and AE presented the highest values in the dry period, during which biomass burning events are more frequent, suggesting smaller particles in the atmosphere. SSA values at 440 nm were between 0.86 and 0.94, with lower values in the winter months, indicating the presence of more absorbing aerosol.
Citação
@online{erick_vinicius_ramos2023,
author = {Erick Vinicius Ramos , Vieira and Rosario, Nilton Evora, Do
and Marcia Akemi , Yamasoe and Fernando Gonçalves , Morais and Pedro
José Perez , Martinez and Eduardo , Landulfo and De Miranda, Regina,
Maura},
title = {Chemical Characterization and Optical Properties of the
Aerosol in São Paulo, Brazil},
volume = {14},
number = {9},
date = {2023-09-20},
doi = {10.3390/atmos14091460},
langid = {pt-BR},
abstract = {Air pollution in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo
(MASP), Brazil, is a serious problem and is strongly affected by
local sources. However, atmosphere column composition in MASP is
also affected by biomass burning aerosol (BB). Understanding the
impacts of aerosol particles, from both vehicles and BB, on the air
quality and climate depends on in-depth research with knowledge of
some parameters such as the optical properties of particles and
their chemical composition. This study characterized fine
particulate matter (PM2.5) from July 2019 to August 2020 in the
eastern part of the MASP, relating the chemical composition data
obtained at the surface and columnar optical parameters, such as
aerosol optical depth (AOD), Ångström Exponent (AE), and
single-scattering albedo (SSA). According to the analyzed data, the
mean PM2.5 concentration was 18.0 ± 12.5 µg/m3; however, daily
events exceeded 75 times the air quality standard of the World
Health Organization (15 µg/m3). The mean black carbon concentration
was 1.8 ± 1.5 µg/m3 in the sampling period. Positive matrix
factorization (PMF) identified four main sources of aerosol: heavy
vehicles (42\%), followed by soil dust plus local sources (38.7\%),
light vehicles (9.9\%), and local sources (8.6\%). AOD and AE
presented the highest values in the dry period, during which biomass
burning events are more frequent, suggesting smaller particles in
the atmosphere. SSA values at 440 nm were between 0.86 and 0.94,
with lower values in the winter months, indicating the presence of
more absorbing aerosol.}
}